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| EPoS Contribution |
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Bok-Globules as an Early Stage of Star Formation in the Context of the PFO-CFO Theory of Solar System Formation and Transformation
Elena Kadyshevich IAP RAS, Moscow, RU | |
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Bok globules were discovered by B. Bok within H II space region. Today, it is known that they are located within a limited space region, are characterized by a substance concentration of 105-106 cm-3 (that is comparable with the substance concentration in the solar corona), and typically represent relatively small remote dark objects of 2-50 solar masses, within which formation of stars and, may be, galaxies, apparently, proceeds; spectral studies identify H, He, carbon oxides, and small quantities of Si in their volume. The most unforeseen feature of the field of space, where the Bok globules are located, is the temperature: it is, by some data, 3-8 K, but no higher than 30 K (for reference, the temperature of the particles of stellar coronas is millions of degrees).
The space regions, where Bok globules are located, are generally associated with the areas of the early phase of star formation. The discovery of the Bok globules stimulated recovery of discussions about the mechanism of star formation and, in particular, about chemical constituent of the corresponding processes. We consider Bok globules as an example of formation of young stars and galaxies and try to formulate consistent and adequate notion of their formation in the context of the PFO-CFO Theory of Solar System Formation and Transformation.
The following five questions will be considered in the presentation and answers to them will be proposed for discussions: (1) What is the source of the material for formation of Bok globules and of stars and, may be, galaxies on their basis? (2) Why is the temperature in the environment of growing objects so low? (3) Why are the Bok globules of indefinite geometric forms? (4) What is the mechanism of formation of all isotopes from hydrogen to uranium and transuranium elements, of which the different objects of Universe are composed, and why are only light elements discovered in the environments of young stars? (5) Why does each of the newly formed objects rotate, and why is the direction of rotation for a majority of objects of any stellar system or any galaxy the same? According to the PFO-CFO Theory, Space represents the eternal and endless oscillating mass/energy field of a low potential (Space is no other than mass/energy) and finite Universe is located within it, Universe had had Beginning but is immortal, the conservation laws are observed always with no singularities, stars represent knots originating as a result of interference events and growing under gravitation within the mass/energy field, and the mass/energy transformation into matter (protons, neutrons, electrons, atoms, molecules, etc.) begins within stars and continues in their vicinities and in the remote field of their gravity as a result of radiation-chemical and chemical reactions (following E. Rutherford and F. Soddy) with no fusion reactions, as all this has been repeatedly published and presented by us at conferences and is available in our pages at the ResearchGate site. The PFO-CFO Theory bears on the Special Relativity and mass defect as on its theoretical and experimental grounds, respectively, and uses conventional physical principles, exclusively. It is capable of describing the Universe history from the Beginning to our days, including formation and transformations, and of predicting the future of the Sun and the Solar System. The Theory explains such unaccounted phenomena and processes as origination of all chemical elements, differences in the isotopic compositions of gaseous and solid substances in different regions of the Solar System, progressive temperature increasing from stellar spots to photosphere and to corona, multifold difference between the rates of rotation of the solar core and radiation zone, powerful flares on relatively small stars similar to the flares of 2014 at the red dwarf DG CVn, etc. As was recently shown by us, the consequences from the PFO-CFO Theory allow for explaining each of the Earth's Phanerozoic mass extinctions by quite definite solar events and for predicting further harmful solar phenomenon. Thus, the adequate understanding of the cosmic history becomes apparently the task whose correct solution could influence the fortune of humanity. | |
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| Caption: An image of Thackeray's Globules; Bok globules taken in the IC 2944 H II region with the Hubble Space Telescope WFPC2 instrument. | |
| Collaborators: V.E. Ostrovskii, NIFHI, RU |
Key publication
Suggested Session: Chemistry |